Escherichia coli Nissle 1917 for the prevention of recurrent uncomplicated urinary tract infections in women: a pilot randomized placebo-controlled trial

Background

Recurrent urinary tract infections (rUTIs) represent a common clinical condition in women and are frequently associated with repeated antibiotic exposure. Increasing interest has therefore focused on non-antimicrobial preventive strategies. Escherichia coli Nissle 1917 (EcN) is a probiotic strain with documented antagonistic activity against uropathogens, although clinical evidence supporting its use in adult women with rUTIs remains limited.