Topotecan hydrochloride for injection is a topoisomerase inhibitor indicated for treatment of: Patients with metastatic ovarian cancer after disease progression on or after initial or subsequent chemotherapy, as a single agent ( 1.1 ) Patients with small cell lung cancer (SCLC) platinum-sensitive disease who progressed at least 60 days after initiation of first-line chemotherapy, as a single agent ( 1.2 ) Patients with Stage IV-B, recurrent, or persistent cervical cancer which is not amenable to curative treatment, in combination with cisplatin ( 1.3 )
1.1Ovarian Cancer
Topotecan hydrochloride for injection, as a single agent, is indicated for the treatment of patients with metastatic ovarian cancer after disease progression on or after initial or subsequent chemotherapy.
1.2Small Cell Lung Cancer
Topotecan hydrochloride for injection, as a single agent, is indicated for the treatment of patients with small cell lung cancer (SCLC) with platinum-sensitive disease who progressed at least 60 days after initiation of first-line chemotherapy.
1.3Cervical Cancer
Topotecan hydrochloride for injection, in combination with cisplatin, is indicated for the treatment of patients with Stage IV-B, recurrent, or persistent cervical cancer not amenable to curative treatment.
Contraindications
Topotecan hydrochloride is contraindicated in patients who have a history of severe hypersensitivity reactions to topotecan. Reactions have included anaphylactoid reactions [see Adverse Reactions ( 6.2 )]. History of severe hypersensitivity reactions to topotecan ( 4 )
Warnings and precautions
Interstitial Lung Disease (ILD): Fatal cases have occurred. Permanently discontinue if ILD confirmed. ( 5.2 ) Extravasation and Tissue Injury: Severe cases have occurred. If extravasation occurs, immediately stop administration and institute recommended management procedures. ( 5.3 ) Embryo-Fetal Toxicity: Can cause fetal harm. Advise patients of potential risk to the fetus and to use effective contraception. ( 5.4 , 8.1 , 8.3 )
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Topotecan hydrochloride can cause severe myelosuppression. Single Agent Grade 4 neutropenia occurred in 78% of 879 patients, with a median duration of 7 days and was most common during Cycle 1 (58% of patients). Grade 4 neutropenia associated with infection occurred in 13% and febrile neutropenia occurred in 5%. Sepsis occurred in 4% of patients and was fatal in 1%. Grade 4 thrombocytopenia occurred in 27%, with a median duration of 5 days.
Grade 3 or 4 anemia occurred in 37% of patients. Combination with Cisplatin Grade 4 neutropenia occurred in 48% and Grade 4 thrombocytopenia occurred in 7% of 147 patients. Grade 3 or 4 anemia occurred in 40% of patients. Topotecan can cause fatal typhlitis (neutropenic enterocolitis). Consider the possibility of typhlitis in patients presenting with fever, neutropenia, and abdominal pain. Administer the first cycle of topotecan hydrochloride for injection only to patients with a baseline neutrophil count of greater than or equal to 1,500/mm 3 and a platelet count greater than or equal to 100,000/mm 3 .
Monitor blood counts frequently during treatment. Withhold and reduce dose of topotecan hydrochloride for injection based on neutrophil counts, platelet counts and hemoglobin levels [see Dosage and Administration ( 2.5 )].
5.2Interstitial Lung Disease
Interstitial lung disease (ILD), including fatalities, can occur with topotecan hydrochloride. Underlying risk factors include history of ILD, pulmonary fibrosis, lung cancer, thoracic radiation, and use of pneumotoxic drugs or colony stimulating factors. Monitor for pulmonary symptoms indicative of ILD. Permanently discontinue topotecan hydrochloride for injection if ILD is confirmed.
5.3Extravasation and Tissue Injury
Extravasation, including severe cases, can occur with topotecan hydrochloride for injection. If signs or symptoms of extravasation occur, immediately stop administration of topotecan hydrochloride for injection and institute recommended management procedures [see Adverse Reactions ( 6.1 )].
5.4Embryo-Fetal Toxicity Based
on animal data, topotecan hydrochloride can cause fetal harm when administered to a pregnant woman. Topotecan caused embryolethality, fetotoxicity, and teratogenicity in rats and rabbits when administered during organogenesis. Advise women of the potential risk to a fetus. Advise females of reproductive potential to use effective contraception during treatment and for 6 months after the last dose of topotecan hydrochloride for injection.
Advise males with a female partner of reproductive potential to use effective contraception during treatment with topotecan hydrochloride for injection and for 3 months after the last dose [see Use in Specific Populations ( 8.1 , 8.3 ), Nonclinical Toxicology ( 13.1 )].
Adverse reactions
The following serious adverse reactions are described elsewhere in the labeling: Myelosuppression [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.1 )] Interstitial Lung Disease (ILD) [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.2 )] Extravasation and Tissue Injury [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.3 )] Ovarian Cancer The most common Grade 3 or 4 hematologic adverse reactions (incidence > 5%) were neutropenia, anemia, thrombocytopenia, and febrile neutropenia.
( 6.1 ) The most common (incidence > 5%) non-hematologic adverse reactions (all Grades) were nausea, vomiting, fatigue, diarrhea, and dyspnea. ( 6.1 ) SCLC The most common Grade 3 or 4 hematologic adverse reactions were (incidence > 5%) neutropenia, anemia, thrombocytopenia, and febrile neutropenia. ( 6.1 ) The most common (incidence > 5%) non-hematologic adverse reactions (all Grades) were asthenia, dyspnea, nausea, pneumonia, abdominal pain, and fatigue.
( 6.1 ) Cervical Cancer The most common Grade 3 or 4 hematologic adverse reactions were (incidence > 5%) neutropenia, anemia, and thrombocytopenia. ( 6.1 ) The most common (incidence > 25% and ≥ 2% higher than cisplatin alone) non-hematologic adverse reactions were pain, vomiting, and infection/febrile neutropenia. ( 6.1 ) To report SUSPECTED ADVERSE REACTIONS, contact Teva at 1-888-838-2872 or FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088 or www.fda.gov/medwatch .
6.1Clinical Trials Experience
Because clinical trials are conducted under widely varying conditions, adverse reaction rates observed in the clinical trials of a drug cannot be directly compared with rates in the clinical trials of another drug and may not reflect the rates observed in practice. The data in Warnings and Precautions reflect exposure to topotecan hydrochloride for injection from eight trials in which 879 patients with ovarian cancer or small cell lung cancer (SCLC) received topotecan hydrochloride for injection 1.5 mg/m 2 by intravenous infusion daily for 5 consecutive days, starting on Day 1 of a 21 day cycle and from one trial (Study GOG 0179) in which 147 patients with cervical cancer received topotecan hydrochloride for injection 0.75 mg/m 2 by intravenous infusion daily on Days 1, 2, and 3, with cisplatin 50 mg/m 2 by intravenous infusion on Day 1, of a 21-day cycle.
Ovarian Cancer The safety of topotecan hydrochloride for injection was evaluated in a randomized trial conducted in 226 patients with metastatic ovarian cancer (Study 039) [see Clinical Studies ( 14.1 )] . Table 1 shows the incidence of Grade 3 and 4 hematologic and non-hematologic adverse reactions that occurred in patients receiving topotecan hydrochloride for injection. Table 1. Adverse Reactions Occurring in Greater than or Equal to 5% of Patients With Ovarian Cancer in Study 039 Topotecan Hydrochloride for Injection Paclitaxel Adverse Reaction (n = 112) (n = 114) G r ade 3-4 (%) G r ade 3-4 (%) Hematologic Grade 4 neutropenia (< 500/mm 3 ) 80 21 Grade 3 or 4 anemia (Hgb < 8 g/dL) Grade 4 thrombocytopenia (< 25,000/mm 3 ) 41 27 6 3 Febrile neutropenia 23 4 Non-Hematologic Infections Sepsis a 5 2 Respiratory, thoracic, and mediastinal Dyspnea 6 5 Gastrointestinal Vomiting 10 3 Nausea 10 2 Diarrhea 6 1 Abdominal pain 5 4 Intestinal obstruction 5 4 Constipation 5 0 General and administrative site conditions Fatigue 7 6 Pain b 5 7 Asthenia 5 3 a Death related to sepsis occurred in 2% of patients receiving topotecan hydrochloride and 0% of patients receiving paclitaxel. b Pain includes body pain, skeletal pain, and back pain.
Small Cell Lung Cancer (SCLC) The safety of topotecan hydrochloride for injection was evaluated in randomized, comparative trial in patients with recurrent or progressive SCLC (Study 090) [see Clinical Studies ( 14.2 )]. Table 2 shows the Grade 3 or 4 hematologic and non-hematologic adverse reactions in patients with SCLC. Table 2. Adverse Reactions Occurring in Greater than or Equal to 5% of Patients With Small Cell Lung Cancer in Study 090 A dverse Reactions Topotecan Hydrochloride for Injection (n = 107) CAV c ( n = 104) G r ade 3-4 (%) G r ade 3-4 (%) Hematologic Grade 4 neutropenia (< 500/mm 3 ) 70 72 Grade 3 or 4 anemia (Hgb < 8 g/dL) Grade 4 thrombocytopenia (< 25,000/mm 3 ) 42 29 20 5 Febrile neutropenia 28 26 N on-Hematologic Infections Sepsis a 5 5 Re spiratory, thoracic, and mediastinal 9 14 Dyspnea Pneumonia 8 6 G astrointestinal 8 6 Nausea Abdominal pain 6 4 G e neral and administrative site conditions 9 7 Asthenia Fatigue 6 10 Pain b 5 7 a Death related to sepsis occurred in 3% of patients receiving topotecan hydrochloride and 1% of patients receiving CAV. b Pain includes body pain, skeletal pain, and back pain. c CAV = cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin and vincristine.
Hepatobiliary Disorders in Ovarian and Small Cell Lung Cancer (SCLC) Based on the combined experience of 453 patients with metastatic ovarian cancer and 426 patients with SCLC treated with topotecan hydrochloride for injection, Grade 3 or 4 increases aspartate transaminase (AST) or alanine transaminase (ALT) occurred in 4% and Grade 3 or 4 elevated bilirubin occurred in less than 2%. Cervical Cancer The safety of topotecan hydrochloride for injection was evaluated in a comparative trial of topotecan hydrochloride with cisplatin versus cisplatin as a single agent in patients with cervical cancer (Study GOG 0179).
Table 3 shows the hematologic and non-hematologic adverse reactions in patients with cervical cancer. Table 3. Adverse Reactions Occurring in Greater than or Equal to 5% of Patients With Cervical Cancer (Between-Arm Difference ≥ 2%) a in Study GOG 0179 A dverse Reaction Topotecan Hydrochloride for Injection with Cisplatin ( n = 140) % C isplatin n = 144) % Hematologic Neutropenia 26 1 Grade 3 (< 1,000 to 500/mm 3 ) Grade 4 (< 500/mm 3 ) 48 1 Anemia 34 19 Grade 3 (Hgb < 8 to 6.5 g/dL) Grade 4 (Hgb < 6.5 g/dL) 6 3 Thrombocytopenia 26 3 Grade 3 (< 50,000 to 10,000/mm 3 ) Grade 4 (< 10,000/mm 3 ) 7 0 N on-Hematologic b ,c G e neral and administrative site conditions 69 62 Constitutional d Pain e 59 50 G astrointestinal 40 37 Vomiting Stomatitis-pharyngitis 6 0 Other 63 56 De r m a t ology f 48 20 Infection Febrile neutropenia f 28 18 C ardiovascular f 25 15 a Includes patients who were eligible and treated. b Severity based on using National Cancer Institute (NCI) Common Toxicity Criteria (CTC), Version 2.0. c Grades 1 through 4 only.
There were 3 patients who experienced deaths with investigator-designated attribution. The first patient experienced a Grade 5 hemorrhage in which the drug-related thrombocytopenia aggravated the event. A second patient experienced bowel obstruction, cardiac arrest, pleural effusion, and respiratory failure which were not treatment-related but probably aggravated by treatment. A third patient experienced a pulmonary embolism and adult respiratory distress syndrome; the latter was indirectly treatment-related. d Constitutional includes fatigue (lethargy, malaise, asthenia), fever (in the absence of neutropenia), rigors, chills, sweating, and weight gain or loss. e Pain includes abdominal pain or cramping, arthralgia, bone pain, chest pain (non-cardiac and non-pleuritic), dysmenorrhea, dyspareunia, earache, headache, hepatic pain, myalgia, neuropathic pain, pain due to radiation, pelvic pain, pleuritic pain, rectal or perirectal pain, and tumor pain. f High-level terms were included if the between-arm difference was ≥ 10%.
6.2Postmarketing Experience
The following reactions have been identified during post approval use of topotecan hydrochloride. Because these reactions are reported voluntarily from a population of unknown size, it is not always possible to reliably estimate their frequency or establish a causal relationship to drug exposure. Blood and Lymphatic System: severe bleeding (in association with thrombocytopenia) Hypersensitivity: allergic manifestations, anaphylactoid reactions, angioedema Gastrointestinal: abdominal pain potentially associated with neutropenic enterocolitis, gastroint
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Composition
Active ingredients
TOPOTECAN HYDROCHLORIDE EQ 4MG BASE/VIAL
Strengths and forms
The FDA lists each strength of a product separately; these pages share one label.
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