The following serious adverse reactions are discussed below and elsewhere in the labeling: Falling Asleep During Activities of Daily Living and Somnolence [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.1 )] Withdrawal-Emergent Hyperpyrexia and Confusion [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.2 )] Cardiovascular Ischemic Events [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.3 )] Hallucinations/Psychosis [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.4 )] Impulse Control/Compulsive Behaviors [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.5 )] Dyskinesia [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.6 )] Peptic Ulcer Disease [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.7 )] Glaucoma [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.8 )] Early Parkinson's disease: Most common adverse reactions (incidence ≥ 5% and greater than placebo) are nausea, dizziness, headache, insomnia, abnormal dreams, dry mouth, dyskinesia, anxiety, constipation, vomiting, and orthostatic hypotension ( 6.1 ) Advanced Parkinson's disease: Most common adverse reactions (incidence ≥ 5% and greater than oral immediate-release carbidopa-levodopa) are nausea and headache ( 6.1 ) To report SUSPECTED ADVERSE REACTIONS, contact Zydus Pharmaceuticals (USA) Inc. at 1-877-993-8779 or FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088 or www.fda.gov/medwatch.
6.1Clinical Trials Experience
Because clinical trials are conducted under widely varying conditions, adverse reaction rates observed in the clinical trials of a drug cannot be directly compared to rates in the clinical trials of another drug and may not reflect the rates observed in clinical practice. The safety population consisted of a total of 978 Parkinson's disease patients who received at least one dose of carbidopa and levodopa extended-release capsules, and had an average duration of exposure of 40 weeks.
Adverse Reactions in Early Parkinson's Disease In a placebo-controlled clinical study in patients with early Parkinson's disease (Study 1), the most common adverse reactions with carbidopa and levodopa extended-release capsules (in at least 5% of patients and more frequently than in placebo) were nausea, dizziness, headache, insomnia, abnormal dreams, dry mouth, dyskinesia, anxiety, constipation, vomiting, and orthostatic hypotension.
Table 2 lists adverse reactions occurring in at least 5% of carbidopa and levodopa extended-release capsules-treated patients and at a higher rate than placebo in Study 1. Table 2 Adverse Reactions in Study 1 in Patients with Early Stage Parkinson's Disease Placebo Carbidopa and Levodopa Extended-release Capsules 36.25 mg Carbidopa Carbidopa and Levodopa Extended-release Capsules 61.25 mg Carbidopa Carbidopa and Levodopa Extended-release Capsules 97.5 mg Carbidopa 145 mg Levodopa TID 245 mg Levodopa TID 390 mg Levodopa TID (N=92) (N=87) (N=104) (N=98) % % % % Nausea 9 14 19 20 Dizziness 5 9 19 12 Headache 11 7 13 17 Insomnia 3 2 9 6 Abnormal Dreams 0 2 6 5 Dry Mouth 1 3 2 7 Dyskinesia 0 2 4 5 Anxiety 0 2 3 5 Constipation 1 2 6 2 Vomiting 3 2 2 5 Orthostatic Hypotension 1 1 1 5 Adverse Reactions Leading to Discontinuation in Study 1 In Study 1, 12% of patients discontinued carbidopa and levodopa extended-release capsules early due to adverse reactions; a higher proportion of patients in the 61.25 mg/ 245 mg carbidopa and levodopa extended-release capsules-treated group (14%) and in the 97.5 mg/390 mg carbidopa and levodopa extended-release capsules-treated group (15%) experienced adverse reactions leading to early discontinuation compared to (4%) in the placebo group.
The most common adverse reactions resulting in early discontinuation were nausea, dizziness, and vomiting. Adverse Reactions in Advanced Parkinson's Disease In an active-controlled clinical study in patients with advanced Parkinson's disease (Study 2), the most common adverse reactions with carbidopa and levodopa extended-release capsules that occurred during dose conversion or maintenance (in at least 5% of patients and more frequently than on oral immediate-release carbidopa-levodopa) were nausea and headache.
Table 3 lists adverse reactions occurring in at least 5% of carbidopa and levodopa extended-release capsules-treated patients and at a higher rate than oral immediate-release carbidopa-levodopa in Study 2. Table 3 Adverse Reactions in Study 2 in Patients with Advanced Parkinson's Disease Carbidopa and Levodopa Extended-release Capsules Immediate-Release Carbidopa-Levodopa (N=201) (N=192) Period Dose Conversion a Maintenance Dose Conversion a Maintenance % % % % Nausea 4 3 6 2 Headache 5 1 3 2 a All patients were converted to carbidopa and levodopa extended-release capsules in the open-label Dose Conversion period and then received randomized treatment during maintenance.
Adverse Reactions Leading to Discontinuation in Study 2 In Study 2, 5% of patients discontinued treatment due to adverse reactions during conversion to carbidopa and levodopa extended-release capsules. The common adverse reactions leading to discontinuation during dose conversion were dyskinesia, anxiety, dizziness, and on and off phenomenon.
6.2Postmarketing Experience
The following adverse reactions have been identified during post approval use of carbidopa and levodopa extended-release capsules. Because these reactions are reported voluntarily from a population of unknown size, it is not always possible to reliably estimate their frequency or establish causal relationship to carbidopa and levodopa extended-release capsules exposure. Psychiatric : Suicide attempt, suicidal ideation.
