Immunity, inflammation and disease
Preclinical Evaluation of Bacterial Lysates in Murine Disease Models: A Systematic Review
By Ancuța DL and Coman C.
Abstract
Background
Bacterial lysates are biologically active preparations obtained by thermal, mechanical, or chemical inactivation of whole bacterial cells, preserving their immunomodulatory properties.
Methods
This systematic review evaluates preclinical studies published between 2010 and 2025 that investigated bacterial lysates in murine disease models, according to the PRISMA 2020 guideline. A total of 34 original studies met the inclusion criteria. The included studies cover a wide spectrum of pathologies, with respiratory infections and allergic/asthmatic diseases representing the most extensively investigated areas, followed by recurrent urinary tract infections, inflammatory bowel disease, acute lung injury/fibrosis, neuroinflammation, and cancer. Lysates ranged from monobacterial preparations to complex polybacterial formulations (particularly OM-85), administered orally, intranasally, or systematically.
