Frontiers in nutrition
A systematic review and meta-analysis of phospholipids in human milk
By Dong H, Li M, Xue Y and 4 others.
Abstract
Background
Phospholipids are important bioactive components in human milk. They are rich in unsaturated fatty acids and play crucial roles in cell signal transduction and infant intellectual development.
Methods
This study quantitatively pooled concentrations of total phospholipids and their subclasses in human milk, and narratively summarized phospholipid subclass proportions across different countries. Relevant studies published up to October 2025 were searched from six databases. After systematic search, a total of 25 studies were finally included, among which 18 studies on phospholipid concentrations were subjected to meta-analysis.
