Assessment of the Public's Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices Regarding Rabies in the Republic of Guinea

Rabies remains a major public health problem in resource-limited countries, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa. The objective of this study was to assess the knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) of the population regarding rabies in the Republic of Guinea. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 2733 participants in five regions (Boké, Kindia, Labé, Siguiri, and N'Zérékoré). Data were collected using a structured questionnaire administered via KoboCollect and then analyzed using DATAtab and R software. Descriptive analyses, chi-square tests, and multivariable logistic regression analyses were used to identify associated factors. In total, 66% of respondents had heard of rabies, but significant gaps were observed regarding modes of transmission and prevention measures. Dog bites were identified as the primary mode of transmission by 37.87% of participants. Canine vaccination was recognized as a preventive measure by 45.01% of respondents. Attitudes were predominantly poor (88.84% scored below the predefined 70% acceptability threshold, i.e., "low/unfavorable attitude," versus 10.79% moderate and 0.37% good), and 73.80% of participants exhibited inappropriate practices (versus 8.05% average and 18.15% good). Overall, 53.1% of respondents had a low level of knowledge, 29.3% an average level, and 17.6% a good level. A statistically significant association was observed between knowledge level and postexposure practices (p < 0.001). In a first multivariable logistic regression model (dependent variable: acceptable attitude, yes/no), educational level, age, and occupation were significantly associated with attitudes. In a second, separate multivariable model (dependent variable: dog bite, yes/no), none of the variables examined were significantly associated with dog bites, except age ≥ 50 years (adjusted OR = 1.98; 95% CI: 1.20-3.25; p = 0.006). These results highlight significant gaps in knowledge and practices related to rabies in Guinea. Strengthening targeted awareness campaigns, improving access to postexposure prophylaxis, and promoting canine vaccination are essential to reducing the burden of rabies. Because this study did not include animal, environmental, or surveillance data, an integrated "One Health" approach is recommended here as a forward-looking direction for future multisectoral intervention, rather than a conclusion directly supported by the present findings.