Perioperative Immunonutrition and Postoperative Recovery Patterns in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Surgery: A Prospective Observational Cohort Study

Background

Malnutrition and sarcopenia negatively affect outcomes in patients undergoing surgery for oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Immunonutrition has been proposed to improve perioperative recovery, but evidence remains limited, particularly in oral cancer surgery. The objective of this study was to evaluate postoperative weight changes, muscle status, complications, and hospital stay in patients with OSCC who received a perioperative immune-nutritional protocol.