Endovascular management of brachiocephalic vein stenosis and occlusion in hemodialysis patients: Technical outcomes and 6-month dialysis access patency

Objective

Central venous stenosis involving the brachiocephalic vein (BCV) is an important cause of upper limb swelling and hemodialysis access dysfunction. In Sri Lanka, central venous disease is increasingly encountered because many patients present late with end-stage kidney disease and require crash dialysis with multiple central venous catheter insertions before definitive arteriovenous fistula creation. Endovascular therapy is the first-line treatment. This study evaluates the technical outcomes and short-term clinical results of endovascular management of BCV lesions in a tertiary vascular unit.