Clinical Spectrum of Neuro-Ophthalmic Disorders at a Thai Tertiary Referral Center: An 11-Year Retrospective Study

Purpose

To characterize the diagnostic spectrum of a tertiary neuro-ophthalmology service in Thailand and to describe the etiologic distribution of selected H47-coded optic nerve and optic disc records after chart-based adjudication. Patients and methods: We conducted a retrospective service-based study of outpatient (OPD) and inpatient (IPD) neuro-ophthalmic records from January 2015 through December 2025. Analyses distinguished unique individuals, setting-specific patient-year records, patient-year-category records, and individual diagnostic records. H46-coded optic neuritis records were retained as code-based diagnoses; selected H47-coded records underwent manual chart adjudication by a fellowship-trained neuro-ophthalmologist using prespecified criteria. Annual analyses combined OPD and IPD after same-person/same-year cross-setting deduplication.