ctDNA- and cfDNA-based liquid biopsy in bladder cancer and urothelial carcinoma: bibliometric mapping and cross-database coverage analysis, 2008-2025

Background

Circulating tumour DNA (ctDNA), cell-free DNA (cfDNA) and urinary tumour DNA are increasingly studied in bladder cancer and urothelial carcinoma. We mapped the development, knowledge structure and clinical emphasis of this ctDNA/cfDNA-centred literature and assessed its coverage across three bibliographic databases.