Frontiers in endocrinology
Vaginal Nugent Lactobacillus morphotype score and endometrial pathogen detection: a two-centre retrospective study
By Kawai K, Nishii S, Iwami N and 1 others.
Abstract
Introduction
This two-centre retrospective observational study investigated whether the vaginal Nugent Lactobacillus morphotype score (LMS) is associated with endometrial pathogen detection and intrauterine Lactobacillus abundance in women with infertility.
Methods
The study included 282 women (Centre A, n = 92; Centre B, n = 190) who underwent simultaneous vaginal Nugent scoring and endometrial quantitative PCR between March and December 2025. Women who had used antibiotics within one month or any probiotics before testing were excluded. Associations were assessed by Spearman rank correlation and by multivariable logistic regression adjusted for centre, age, BMI, and recurrent implantation failure.