From Panoramic Radiographs to AI-Assisted Radiographic Periodontal Charting: Current Evidence and Future Perspectives

Background

Periodontal charting remains the gold standard for periodontal diagnosis but is time-consuming, operator-dependent, and not always feasible in routine clinical practice. In contrast, panoramic radiographs are widely available and increasingly amenable to automated analysis through artificial intelligence (AI). Recent AI systems have demonstrated high accuracy in the detection and quantification of periodontal bone loss and in radiographic disease staging.