Abstract / Summary
Background: This study examines the prevalence and interrelationships of reduced estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) with diabetes mellitus (DM), hypertension (HTN), and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) within the Tabari cohort population.
Methods: A cross-sectional analysis was performed using data from the Tabari cohort, part of the large Prospective Epidemiological Research Studies in Iran (PERSIAN) cohort study. Participants aged 35-70, excluding those with end-stage renal disease or cancer, were included. Reduced eGFR was defined on the basis of a single baseline measurement of eGFR, categorized into G1-G4 stages. The presence of DM, HTN, and CVD was recorded along with demographic and clinical parameters. Statistical analyses included chi-square tests, t-tests, and multiple logistic regressions.
Results: Of 9939 participants, 25.5% had reduced eGFR, with prevalence rates of 4.8%, 69.7%, 25.4%, and 0.1% for G1, G2, G3, and G4, respectively. Reduced eGFR was more common with increasing age, in females, and in single/divorced/widowed individuals (p < 0.001). Higher prevalence was also observed among those with lower educational and socioeconomic status, urban residence, retirement or housewife occupational status, and elevated body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, triglycerides, and cholesterol (p < 0.001). HTN, DM, and CVD were more frequent in individuals with reduced eGFR, with increasing prevalence across declining eGFR categories. After adjustment, HTN remained significantly associated with reduced eGFR (adjusted OR = 1.36, 95% CI: 1.21-1.52), whereas associations for DM and CVD were attenuated.
Conclusion: A high comorbid prevalence of HTN, DM, and CVD was observed among individuals with reduced eGFR in the Tabari cohort, with HTN emerging as the strongest independent predictor. These findings highlight the importance of early detection and integrated management strategies to prevent further decline in kidney function and associated complications.