Abstract / Summary
Marc Tshilanda Balekelayi,1– 3 Brady Makanzu Madioko,1 Christian Kutoloka Mabiza,1 Jacques Ngayuna Nkiene,2 Dadi-Serge Nkarnkwin Kasanza,1 Richard Bokele Ntshikala,3 Chadrack Bosenedje,2 Michel Tshiasuma Pipo,2,3 Yves Nsimbi Lubenga,1,4 Nathan Buila Bimbi11Cardiology Department, Kinshasa University Clinics, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo; 2Internal Medicine Department, Monkole Hospital Center, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo; 3Department of Internal Medicine, Notre-Dame du Kasayi University, Kananga, Democratic Republic of the Congo; 4Cardiology Department, Initiative Plus Hospital Center, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the CongoCorrespondence: Marc Tshilanda Balekelayi, Email tshilandamarc@gmail.comBackground: Congestive heart failure (CHF) has been a major health problem in developing countries in recent years and is responsible for a mortality rate that is difficult to estimate accurately due to limited data availability. The Democratic Republic of the Congo is no exception; this study provides data on this topic.Objective: To identify the factors associated with in-hospital mortality and echocardiographic patterns in patients hospitalized with congestive heart failure patients in Kinshasa city.Methodology: This is a multicenter retrospective hospital-based observational study that used non-probability convenience sampling for the selection of 454 cases of congestive heart failure hospitalized in three hospitals in the city of Kinshasa in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) from June 2021 to June 2024. The data collected were analyzed with Stata/IC version 15 software. The variables were presented in the form of central tendencies and frequencies. The factors associated with mortality were identified using logistic regression; the outcome was all-cause in hospital mortality.Results: 281 women and 173 men were evaluated, with a sex ratio M/F of 0.6 with a median age of 63 years. High blood pressure (HBP) was the most common cardiovascular risk factor (68.5%). Respiratory infections were the most common contributing factor (38.7%). HF-related mortality was 22.5%. Cardiomyopathies were the most common cause of HF with 239 cases or 52.6%. The mean left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) of our population was 39.6 ± 10.5%. Being 65 years of age or older doubles the risk of death (ORa = 2.02; IC95% = 1.1 to 3.6; p = 0.015), while systolic blood pressure greater than or equal to 90mmHg emerged as a protective factor against HF-related mortality (ORa = 0.04; IC95% = 0.02 to 0.08; p < 0.001) with sinus rhythm (ORa = 0.44; IC95% = 0.23 to 0.8; p = 0.013), glomerular filtration rate (GFR) greater than or equal to 30mL/min (ORa = 0.2; IC95% = 0.1 to 0.47; p < 0.001) and Serum potassium level above 3.4 mmol/L (ORa = 0.5; IC95% = 0.27 to 0.9; p = 0.025).Conclusion: Cardiomyopathies are the most common cause of heart failure in our setting. Good systolic blood pressure, renal function, serum potassium levels, and sinus rhythm are associated with a favorable evolution.Keywords: factors associated, hospital mortality, echocardiographic patterns, congestive heart failure, Kinshasa