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Articles
Surgery

Annals of Punjab Medical College

Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) Evaluation of Post-Operative Complications in Anterior Cruciate Ligament Repair Using Peroneus or Hamstring Muscle Grafts: A Cross-Sectional Study from Pakistan: MRI Assessment of Postoperative Complications Following ACL Reconstruction using Hamstring or Peroneus Longus Tendon Autografts

30 September 2026Original research1 min read

By Amna Rehan, Nosheen Siddique, Muhammad Ashraf Ali and 3 others.

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Abstract
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Abstract

Background

The anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) is a commonly injured knee ligament. It is often reconstructed surgically. MRI is a non-invasive modality for evaluating graft integrity and post-surgical complications.

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Objective

To determine the frequency of complications on MRI in postoperative patients undergoing ACL reconstruction using hamstring or peroneus longus tendon autografts. Study Design: Descriptive cross-sectional study. Settings: The study was conducted in the Department of Radiology, Faisalabad Medical University & Allied Hospitals, Faisalabad Pakistan. Duration: 30th March to 29th September 2023.

Methods

A total of 205 patients who had undergone ACL reconstruction (hamstring autograft, n=128; peroneus longus autograft, n=77) were included by consecutive sampling. MRI was performed on a 1.5T scanner using standardized SE T1W, FS T2W, and STIR sequences. Tunnel widening, tibial cystic degeneration, arthrofibrosis/Cyclops lesion, and partial and complete graft tears were assessed against established MRI diagnostic criteria by a consultant radiologist blinded to clinical findings. The data were analyzed with SPSS v25.0. The chi-square test was used to stratify by age, gender, time since reconstruction, and affected side (p≤0.05).

Results

The mean age was 36.5 ± 9.1 years. Of the total 205 patients, 64.4% were males. Mean duration since reconstruction was 3.9 ± 1.3 months. Complications noted were tunnel widening in 15.1%, tibial cystic degeneration in 6.3%, arthrofibrosis/Cyclops lesion in 3.4%, partial graft tear in 9.6%, and complete graft tear in 21.0%. Complications were significantly associated with gender (p<0.05), duration since reconstruction (p<0.05), and side affected (p<0.05).

Conclusion

MRI is a valuable modality for detecting complications after ACL reconstruction. Rather than routine surveillance of all patients, targeted MRI is recommended for those with persistent symptoms or clinical suspicion of graft failure, enabling early identification and management and improving long-term functional outcomes in Pakistani patients.

Keywords

Knee injuries and reconstruction techniques
Open access

Authors

Amna Rehan
Nosheen Siddique
Muhammad Ashraf Ali
Abdul Raouf
Madiha Gohar
Danial Haider

Source

Published in Annals of Punjab Medical College. The abstract is shown as published and remains the work of its authors; read the full article at the source.

apmcfmu.com/index.php/apmc/article/view/1853

Prognia lists this article for reference and education. It is not medical advice. Always read the original and follow current guidelines and local protocols before acting on it.

At a glance

Journal: Annals of Punjab Medical College
Type: Original research
Published: 30 September 2026
Specialty: Surgery
Read time: 1 min
Authors: 6

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