Exploration of the Antidiabetic Potential of Kalincuang through In Silico Studies on Inhibition of the Alpha-Glucosidase Enzyme

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disease that can be managed by inhibiting the alpha-glucosidase enzyme, which plays a role in breaking down complex carbohydrates into glucose. This approach is effective in reducing glucose absorption and helping control blood sugar levels. Kalincuang, as a by-product of gambir processing which is rich in flavonoid compounds such as catechin, quercetin, and procyanidin, has the potential to be a natural antidiabetic agent. This study aims to evaluate the potential of active compounds in kalincuang as an alpha-glucosidase enzyme inhibitor in silico using a target protein with PDB ID code: 5ZCD. The results of the analysis showed that three flavonoid compounds, namely Tanariflavanone A (-107.02), Epigallocatechin 3-O-P-coumarate (-104.005), and Procyanidin B1 (-100.215), have good binding energy to the target protein, although still higher than acarbose (-134.568). The conclusion of this study shows that kalincuang has the potential as an inhibitor of the alpha-glucosidase enzyme, although its activity is lower than acarbose. Further research is needed to reveal other mechanisms of action that can support the antidiabetic effects of kalincuang.