JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND DIAGNOSTIC RESEARCH
Thyroid Function and Serum Calcium Level in Children with Nephrotic Syndrome Attending a Tertiary Care Hospital in Kolkata, India: A Cross-sectional Study
By Rakesh Kumar Maddheshiya, Sudip Saha, Mousumi Das and 1 others.
Abstract
Introduction
Nephrotic Syndrome (NS) in children is a common renal disorder characterised by massive proteinuria, hypoalbuminaemia, and oedema. However, loss of thyroidbinding proteins and vitamin D metabolites in the urine may disrupt thyroid and calcium homeostasis.
Aim
To evaluate thyroid function and serum calcium levels in children with NS attending a tertiary care hospital in Kolkata, India. Materials and Methods: The present cross-sectional study was conducted at the Department of Paediatrics in Chittaranjan Seva Sadan hospital of Obstetrics, Gynaecology and child health, Kolkata, India, from December 2022 to May 2024. Total 96 children aged 1-12 years diagnosed with NS (first episode or relapse) were enrolled in the study. Cases of thyroid disease, those on calcium supplementation within last 12 hours, blood/ albumin transfusion within last four month, known cases of liver disease, acute renal failure, acid-base disorders, or steroidresistant NS were excluded. Clinical data, thyroid profile {Triiodothyronine (T3), Thyroxine (T4), Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone (TSH)}, and serum calcium of those children who were included in the study were analysed. Continuous variables were expressed as mean±Standard Deviation (SD); categorical variables as percentages. Statistical comparisons were made using t-tests, Chi-square tests, and z-tests. In present study, significance was set at p-value <0.05.