Abstract / Summary
Background: Lesions of the nose and paranasal sinuses comprise a diverse group of non-neoplastic and neoplastic conditions with overlapping clinical presentations. Histopathological examination remains the gold standard for definitive diagnosis and appropriate patient management. Aims and Objectives: The aim of the study was to study the histopathological spectrum of lesions involving the nose and paranasal sinuses, categorize them into non-neoplastic and neoplastic lesions, and analyse their distribution according to age, sex, and anatomical site. Materials and Methods: A descriptive analytical study was conducted in the Department of Pathology, Narendra Modi Medical College and L.G. Hospital, Ahmedabad, over a 2-year period. A total of 70 biopsy specimens of lesions involving the nose and paranasal sinuses were examined. Tissues were processed routinely, stained with hematoxylin and eosin, and special stains were employed whenever indicated. Histopathological diagnosis was correlated with demographic and clinical parameters. Results: Among the 70 cases studied, 50 (71.42%) were nonneoplastic, and 20 (28.58%) were neoplastic. Of the neoplastic lesions, 15 (75%) were benign, and 5 (25%) were malignant. The highest incidence was observed in the 21–30-year age group, with an overall male predominance (male: female ratio 2.04:1). The nasal cavity was the most common site (78.57%). Inflammatory polyp was the most frequent non-neoplastic lesion, while lobular capillary hemangioma was the commonest benign neoplasm. Undifferentiated nasopharyngeal carcinoma was the most frequent malignant lesion encountered. Conclusion: Non-neoplastic lesions constitute the majority of sinonasal lesions, with inflammatory polyps being the predominant diagnosis. Histopathological examination remains indispensable for accurate diagnosis, classification, and management of sinonasal lesions.