Medical Surgical Nursing Care For Mr. L With Respiratory System Disorders Due To Pulmonary Tuberculosis In The Cenderawasih Ward, Vita Insani Hospital Pematangsiantar

Pulmonary tuberculosis is an infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. According to the WHO (2024), an estimated 10.7 million people suffer from pulmonary tuberculosis worldwide. The purpose of this study is to address the nursing problem of ineffective airway clearance associated with sputum hypersecretion in pulmonary tuberculosis through nursing care. This research employed a descriptive qualitative method with a case study approach. The sample consisted of one respondent, a pulmonary tuberculosis patient at Vita Insani Hospital in Pematangsiantar. The study was conducted over three days from April 2 to 4, 2026. The research instruments included an informed consent form, an assessment form, an effective cough standard operating procedure (SOP), and a semi-Fowler's position. Meanwhile, the partially resolved problem was ineffective airway clearance, characterized by the patient being able to cough effectively and producing thinner sputum, but additional rhonchi were still heard thinly in both lung fields. The implementation of nursing care for patients with pulmonary tuberculosis through effective coughing exercises, airway management, and energy management has proven effective in overcoming respiratory disorders and physical weakness in patients.