Tissue Transglutaminase (TG2) as a Candidate Biomarker and Potential Therapeutic Target in Endometriosis: Functional Evidence from shRNA-Mediated Downregulation of TG2 in Endometrial Mesenchymal Stem Cells

Background/Objectives: Endometriosis involves the presence of endometrial tissue outside the uterus. Since the migration of endometrial cells is pivotal to lesion development, tissue transglutaminase (TG2)—known for its roles in cell adhesion, migration, and stemness—may play a significant role. This study aimed to investigate the involvement of TG2 in the migratory and invasive characteristics of endometrial mesenchymal stem cells (eMSCs) derived from healthy individuals and endometriosis patients.