Comparative Network Pharmacology and Molecular Docking Analysis of Ursodeoxycholic Acid and Tauroursodeoxycholic Acid in Alzheimer’s Disease-Associated Molecular Networks

Background/Objectives: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a multifactorial neurodegenerative disorder characterized by amyloid- and tau-related pathology, neuroinflammation, metabolic dysregulation, and neuronal loss. Previous studies have shown the potential effects of bile acids, especially ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) and tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA), on neurodegenerative diseases. However, whether UDCA and TUDCA exhibit distinct molecular interaction patterns within an Alzheimer’s disease-associated biological context remains unclear. This study aims to compare the relevant targets, enrichment pathways, and docking profiles predicted by UDCA and TUDCA using the computer network pharmacology framework.