Abstract / Summary
Background: Non-infectious uveitis is a leading cause of preventable visual impairment and arises from complex interactions between genetic susceptibility, environmental exposures, and immune dysregulation. Purpose: To review current evidence regarding modifiable lifestyle factors that may influence the development, severity, recurrence, and outcomes of uveitis. This narrative review used structured searches of MEDLINE, PubMed, Embase and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews from database inception, last updated on 30 June 2026, supplemented by reference-list screening. Results: Diet, smoking, obesity, physical activity, sleep, psychological stress, alcohol consumption, and micronutrient status may affect uveitis through effects on systemic inflammation, Th1/Th17 immunity, regulatory T-cell function, oxidative stress, and the gut microbiome. Conclusions: Although the evidence remains limited and largely observational, lifestyle assessment may support personalized adjunctive care by considering the patient’s uveitis phenotype, systemic comorbidities, treatment exposures and individual priorities. Lifestyle measures should support systemic health and shared decision-making without being presented as substitutes for established non-infectious uveitis treatment or as proven ocular disease-modifying interventions.