Journal of Personalized Medicine
Peripheral Biomarkers of Response to Ketamine and Esketamine Treatment in Unipolar Depressive Disorder—A Scoping Review
By Aleksandra Metelska, Wojciech Ziemichód and Hanna Karakuła‐Juchnowicz.
Abstract
Objectives
A significant problem in the treatment of depressive disorders is the growing number of cases of so-called treatment-resistant depression (TRD). There is evidence of ketamine’s effectiveness in treating TRD, with response rates ranging from 40% to 90%. This review aimed to map available studies on peripheral biomarkers of response to ketamine and esketamine in the treatment of depressive disorders, with particular emphasis on biomarker types, study designs, and identification of gaps in current knowledge.