From Mechanism to Management in Vasovagal Syncope: An Integrative Review

Background/Objectives: Vasovagal syncope is the most common subtype of reflex syncope and a frequent cause of transient loss of consciousness. Although its prognosis is generally benign, recurrent episodes can cause injury, restrict daily activities, and impair quality of life; patients who remain symptomatic despite first-line measures present a therapeutic challenge. This review integrates current evidence on mechanisms, prediction, and treatment, examining whether arterial-pressure defence and baroreflex behaviour provide a useful physiological framework.