Supporting Breast Milk Expression During Mother–Infant Separation: A Scoping Review of Interventions, Technologies, and Service Delivery Models

Background/Objectives: Mother–infant separation can interrupt direct breastfeeding while lactation is being established. We mapped recent evaluations of strategies supporting milk expression during actual or anticipated separation.

Methods

Following JBI guidance and PRISMA-ScR, we searched four databases for English-, Portuguese- or Spanish-language reports published in 2021–2026. Eligible sources evaluated a deliberately implemented technique, technology, equipment-access strategy, professional-education initiative or service change. One reviewer screened and charted the studies; a second reviewer verified decisions and charting, with disagreements resolved by consensus.