Diagnostics
Benchmarking Gemini 1.5 Pro in Pediatric Emergency Radiology: Sensitivity Gap and Physiological Bias in the Immature Skeleton
By Cristiano Benelli, Luca Labianca, Vito Caiolo and 2 others.
Abstract
Background/Objectives: To assess the diagnostic performance of Gemini 1.5 Pro, a general-purpose Large Multimodal Model (LMM), as a zero-shot, smartphone-based decision support tool to distinguish pediatric fractures from healthy controls.
Methods
A retrospective diagnostic accuracy study was conducted on 182 pediatric radiographs (112 confirmed fractures, 70 healthy controls) using the Gemini 1.5 Pro mobile interface with a 4-question prompt protocol (Detection, Characterization, Skeletal Maturity, Management). Diagnostic metrics were calculated with 95% Confidence Intervals (95% CI). Ground truth was established by a senior musculoskeletal radiologist.
