International Journal of Innovative Technologies in Social Science
Exercise-induced changes in tear film physiology and tear biomarkers: A narrative review
By Zuzanna Walewska and Anna Walewska.
Abstract
Introduction
The tear film functions as a dynamic interface, adapting its volume, stability, and osmolarity to systemic and environmental stress. Exercise produces simultaneous autonomic, hemodynamic, metabolic, thermal, and fluid-balance effects, making tear fluid a potentially informative, but methodologically challenging matrix for research.
Methods
A structured literature search of PubMed was performed and included articles published between January 2014 and August 2026. Human studies evaluating acute exercise, habitual physical activity, or exercise interventions in relation to tear secretion, tear-film stability, osmolarity, inflammatory mediators, oxidative-stress markers were prioritized. Animal studies and methodological literature on tear biomarkers analysis were included for context.
