Fathers' confidence matters: Paternal self-efficacy is associated with maternal breastfeeding self-efficacy in yogyakarta, indonesia

Maternal breastfeeding self-efficacy is a key psychological determinant of successful breastfeeding. Fathers play an essential role in providing emotional and practical support, yet evidence regarding the relationship between paternal breastfeeding self-efficacy and maternal breastfeeding self-efficacy remains limited in Indonesia, particularly in Yogyakarta City. To examine the association between paternal self-efficacy and maternal breastfeeding self-efficacy among breastfeeding parents in Yogyakarta City. A quantitative cross-sectional study was conducted among 52 breastfeeding mother–father pairs with infants aged 0–6 months in Yogyakarta City. Participants were recruited using purposive sampling.