Abstract / Summary
The present study was designed to investigate the therapeutic potential of Clitoria ternatea flower nanoparticles in ameliorating dyslipidemia, hepatic injury, oxidative stress, and inflammatory responses in high-fat diet-induced hyperlipidemic rats. Sixty male Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups: normal control, high-fat diet control, and high-fat diet supplemented with C. ternatea nanoparticles at low (45 mg/kg) and high (90 mg/kg) doses administered orally for 60 days. Serum lipid profile, liver function biomarkers, oxidative stress indices, and inflammatory mediators were assessed using standard biochemical and ELISA techniques. High-fat diet feeding significantly elevated total cholesterol (181.51 mg/dL), triglycerides (172.14 mg/dL), LDL-C (34.14 mg/dL), and VLDL-C (32.24 mg/dL), while reducing HDL-C (27.53 mg/dL) compared to control values. Liver function markers including ALT (92.63 U/L), AST (172.65 U/L), ALP (227.34 U/L), and total bilirubin (1.27 mg/dL) were markedly increased in hyperlipidemic rats. Additionally, elevated malondialdehyde (6.82 nmol/mL) indicated enhanced lipid peroxidation, while antioxidant enzyme activities (SOD, CAT, GPx) were significantly reduced. Systemic inflammation was evidenced by increased TNF-α (46.23 pg/mL), IL-6 (39.42 pg/mL), IL-1β (27.46 pg/mL), and CRP (3.91 mg/L). Treatment with C. ternatea flower nanoparticles dose-dependently restored these alterations, with the high-dose group showing values approaching normal control levels. The nanoparticles improved lipid homeostasis, preserved hepatic integrity, reduced oxidative damage, and suppressed pro-inflammatory cytokine production. These findings demonstrate that C. ternatea flower nanoparticles exert potent antihyperlipidemic, hepatoprotective, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory effects.