Cataract surgery as a risk factor associated with retinal detachment at the Peruvian Ophthalmological Institute of Piura (2018-2021)

Objective: To establish whether cataract surgery is a factor associated with retinal detachment in patients attended at the Peruvian Ophthalmological Institute of Piura during the years from 2018 to 2021.Materials and methods: An observational, analytical, retrospective, case-control and cross-sectional study was conducted, where a sample of 234 patients who met the determined inclusion criteria were included These patients were divided into a group of 117 cases (117 patients) and a control group (117 patients).Results: From the 234 patients, the mean age was 61.4 years with a standard deviation of ±7.4 years, 64.5% were male, and the average duration of retinal detachment was 15.8 months, with a standard deviation of ±18.9 months.In the bivariate analysis of the factors, an association was revealed between retinal detachment and prior cataract surgery (p = 0.000), sex (p = 0.040), age (p = 0.000), origin (p 0.000), cataract surgery (p = 0.000), history of ocular trauma (p = 0.0008), type of comorbidity (p = 0.001), history of ocular surgery (non-cataract) (p = 0.001), and axial length (p = 0.003); on the contrary, the factors that had no association were marital status (p = 0.132), comorbidity (p = 0.411), and posterior capsular rupture (p = 0.250).Conclusion: It is concluded that cataract surgery is a factor associated for retinal detachment in patients.