Proliferation and differentiation of bone marrow and blood neutrophils during the use of fish collagen in an experimental model of parenchymal hemorrhage

Background. The severity of parenchymal liver bleeding is determined by the architecture of the intraorgan vessels and the fibrinolytic activity of bile, while the recovery period is characterized by systemic hemodynamic and metabolic disturbances. The regenerative potential of hepatocytes is realized with the participation of the bone marrow pool of neutrophilic granulocytes. We have developed a method for extracting collagen from the skin of Atlantic cod Gadus morhua. The purpose of the study is to evaluate the effect of this collagen, acting as a hemostatic agent, on neutrophil proliferation, differentiation, and migration during the post-resuscitation period. Materials and methods. Collagen was extracted from the skin of Gadus morhua using a proprietary technique (Russian Federation Patent No. 2844054). The experiment was conducted on 80 rats using a model of parenchymal liver bleeding. The experimental group received the fish collagen, while the control group received the hemostatic sponge “Belkozin”. On days 3, 7, 14, and 21, the neutrophil content in the bone marrow and peripheral blood was assessed by calculating the myelogram and the segmentation index. Statistical analysis was performed using non-parametric methods. Results. In the experiment, the sterile hemostatic agent "Belkozin" was compared with the non-sterile fish collagen, modeling a contaminated wound. Fish collagen provided more effective hemostasis. Its use was associated with a delayed (days 14-21) activation of myelocyte proliferation and their differentiation into metamyelocytes, enhanced migration of band forms from the bone marrow into the blood, and a redistribution of highly segmented neutrophils. Conclusions. Fish collagen prevented purulent-septic complications and hemoperitoneum, stimulated neutrophil proliferation and differentiation in the bone marrow, and enhanced their migration into the blood and the area of liver injury.