Semaglutide Use and Risk of Diabetic Retinopathy and Non-Arteritic Anterior Ischemic Optic Neuropathy in Type 2 Diabetes: A Single-Center Retrospective Cohort Study

Background

Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs), including semaglutide, are increasingly adopted for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) due to improvements in glycemic control and weight loss. Although concerns have been raised about a potential association with non-arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION), this relationship remains uncertain. Objective and Method: In this single-center retrospective cohort study, we reviewed patients with T2DM treated with semaglutide at Rajavithi Hospital. A Kaplan–Meier time-to-event analysis was conducted to estimate the incidence of NAION and proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) progression.