Medical Unmet Needs in Uncontrolled Asthma Despite GINA Step 4/5 Treatment in Poland

Background

Asthma is a heterogeneous chronic respiratory disease characterized by symptoms such as wheezing, shortness of breath, cough, and bronchial obstruction confirmed in spirometry. According to the Polish National Health Fund (NHF), in 2023 there were 2.07 million patients with asthma (International Classification of Diseases, ICD-10 codes J45, J46) in Poland. Despite guideline-based treatment recommended by the Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA) at steps 4 and 5, a substantial proportion of patients remain uncontrolled, leading to significant clinical and societal burden.