Abstract / Summary
Abstract Introduction: Musculoskeletal pain is common among older adults, especially those in nursing homes. Effective management requires clinical interventions and behavioral changes supported by theoretical frameworks. This study evaluated the effectiveness of a multidisciplinary intervention based on the Health Belief Model in reducing pain and improving preventive health behaviors among nursing home living. Methods: In this randomized controlled trial )parallel – group(, 120 older adults in Tehran were randomly assigned to intervention or control groups. The eight-week intervention included vitamin D supplementation, physiotherapy, stress management, and HBM-based educational sessions. Outcomes were measured at baseline, immediately after the intervention, and at three- and six-month follow-ups using the Visual Analog Scale, DASS-21, and HBM-based questionnaires. Data were analyzed with ANCOVA and repeated-measures ANOVA. Results: The intervention significantly improved all HBM constructs (p < 0.05), reduced six-month pain intensity (6.50 ± 1.467 vs. 7.02 ± 1.334; p = 0.001), and enhanced preventive behaviors (p < 0.001). Depression, anxiety, and stress also decreased, with the greatest effect on anxiety (p < 0.001). Conclusion: HBM-based multidisciplinary interventions may be an effective strategy for managing musculoskeletal pain and promoting health behaviors in nursing home living. Trial registration : IRCT20220904055881N1. Registered on 11 February 2023(11/02/2023). https://www.irct.ir/search/result?query=IRCT20220904055881N1