Retrospective Study on Predicting Postoperative Facial Nerve Function Using Intraoperative Microcurrent Combined with Facial Nerve Motor Evoked Potentials in Vestibular Schwannoma Surgery

Abstract Background The most commonly used method for monitoring facial nerve function is electromyography and facial nerve motor evoked potentials.This study aims to conduct a retrospective study on 176 cases of vestibular schwannoma.compare the two electrophysiological monitoring methods,and find an optimal clinical model combining the two to predict postoperative facial nerve function. Results All patients underwent intraoperative monitoring using electromyography and facial nerve motor evoked potentials,Differences in general clinical data and intraoperative neuroelectrophysiological monitoring results were compared between the two groups at 3 days, 1 month, 3 months, and 1 year postoperatively.Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that ≥ 50% decrease in mentalis muscle and microcurrent > 0.05 mA were independent risk factors 3 days and 1 month postoperation ≥ 50% decrease in mentalis muscle, microcurrent > 0.05 mA ,and age were independent risk factors 3 months postoperation. ≥ 50% decrease in orbicularis oris muscle, microcurrent > 0.05 mA, and age were independent risk factors 1 year postoperation.Prediction model at 1 year postoperatively had the largest area under the receiver operating characteristic curve, showing the best predictive ability. Conclusions In this study,a 50% decrease in facial nerve motor evoked potentials of the orbicularis oris muscle and mentalis muscle could serve as an independent indicator for predicting postoperative facial nerve function.Combination of microcurrent and facial nerve motor evoked potentials can improve the prediction rate of postoperative facial paralysis and provide more accurate guidance for subsequent treatment.