Abstract / Summary
Abstract Aim This study aimed to adapt the Balance in Daily Life Scale (BDL) into Turkish for frail older adults and to evaluate its validity and reliability. Methods This methodological study was conducted between May and July 2025 with 330 frail older adults who attended the Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Clinic of a state hospital in eastern Türkiye. Data were collected using a Demographic Information Form and the Balance in Daily Life Scale. Content validity, construct validity, internal consistency, and test–retest reliability were evaluated. Results The Kaiser–Meyer–Olkin (KMO) value was 0.889, and Bartlett’s test of sphericity was statistically significant (χ² = 1459.248, p < 0.001). Confirmatory factor analysis supported the original seven-item, unidimensional structure of the BDL, with factor loadings ranging from 0.510 to 0.860. The model demonstrated acceptable-to-excellent fit (χ²/df = 2.85, RMSEA = 0.072, CFI = 0.99, SRMR = 0.027, TLI = 0.98, and RMR = 0.022). Internal consistency was high, with Cronbach’s α = 0.900 and McDonald’s ω = 0.873. Test–retest reliability was also excellent (r = 0.965, p < 0.001; ICC = 0.982), and no statistically significant difference was found between the first and second administrations (p = 0.246). Conclusion The Turkish version of the BDL retained the original seven-item, unidimensional structure and demonstrated satisfactory validity, high internal consistency, and excellent temporal stability. The scale may be used as a valid and reliable instrument for assessing balance during daily-life activities among frail older adults in Türkiye.