Impact of Vitamin D3 Administration Status on the Clinical Course of Respiratory Distress Syndrome in Premature Neonates: A Randomized, Triple-Blind, Placebo- Controlled Trial

Abstract Background and Aim: Respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) is a major cause of morbidity in preterm infants, driven by surfactant deficiency and lung immaturity. Vitamin D deficiency, prevalent in preterm neonates, may exacerbate RDS severity due to its role in lung maturation and inflammation modulation. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of vitamin D3 supplementation on the clinical course of RDS in preterm infants under 34 weeks of gestation.