Abstract / Summary
Despite advances in treating breast cancer with modern therapeutic approaches, it still causes significant morbidity and mortality in patients. Like many other diseases, oxidative stress has significant risk factor for initiation and progression of breast cancer. Redox-sensitive transcription factors, nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB), activator protein-1 (AP-1), and hypoxia-induced regulators promote chronic inflammation, proliferation, angiogenesis, and metabolic adaptation of cancer cells. Therefore, regulating oxidative stress is necessary to repair cellular damage and slow or inhibit cancer progression. However, current therapeutic approaches for treating breast cancer have limitations that necessitate the development of new treatment strategies. Cannabidiol (CBD), a non-psychoactive lipophilic phytocannabinoid, acts as a context-dependent redox modulator and selectively exploits oxidative vulnerabilities in breast malignancies. It demonstrates strong antioxidant capabilities, modulating redox balance and also disrupts multiple oncogenic pathways. There is also increasing interest in developing synthetic CBD derivatives with improved therapeutic potential for cancer treatment. Inhibiting the molecular targets of cancer cell development and progression by these derivatives may provide an effective therapeutic strategy. This review provides an understanding of CBD’s potential in reducing cancer cell proliferation, metastasis, inducing apoptosis and inhibiting angiogenesis. It also highlights novel approaches of CBD analogues on molecular targets in breast cancer cell lines.