Abstract / Summary
Parents of hospitalised infants are known to be at heightened risk of experiencing post-traumatic stress symptoms (PTSS). However, important gaps remain in understanding the factors that influence vulnerability and resilience in this population. This study aimed to extend existing research by examining the types and severity of PTSS among parents across the United Kingdom and Ireland, and by exploring the impact of hospital readmissions, prior trauma exposure, and protective psychosocial factors on psychological outcomes. A total of 396 parents completed an online survey comprising the PTSD Checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5), the Trauma History Questionnaire (THQ), the Adverse Childhood Experiences questionnaire (ACE), the Benevolent Childhood Experiences scale (BCEs), and the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS). Analyses examined regional differences, the effects of multiple and anticipated hospital readmissions, and associations between risk and protective factors and PTSS. Consistent with previous research, parents reported high levels of PTSS, with rates exceeding those typically observed in both general and clinical populations. Notably, parents residing in England reported significantly higher symptom severity across all clusters compared to those in Northern Ireland. Multiple hospital admissions and the anticipation of future admissions were associated with greater distress, while higher levels of benevolent childhood experiences and perceived social support were linked to reduced symptoms. Contrary to established patterns in the literature, fathers reported significantly higher PTSS than mothers. These findings contribute to the evidence base by highlighting a dose–response relationship in parental stress, the protective role of social support and positive early experiences, and the need for inclusive, strength-based psychological support for families following infant hospitalisation. Thesis is embargoed 31 December 2026.