A randomized controlled trial investigating the effect of spermidine-enriched dietary supplementation on fertility-related outcomes and sleep quality in men with spermatogenic failure

Background

Male infertility accounts for nearly half of all infertility cases and profoundly affects psychological well-being and quality of life. Spermidine, a naturally occurring polyamine with autophagy-promoting and antiaging effects, has been associated with improved sleep and emotional health. However, its effect on fertility-related quality of life in men with spermatogenic failure (SPGF) remains unknown. This study aimed to investigate the effects of spermidine-enriched dietary supplementation on fertility-related quality of life and sleep quality in men with SPGF and to assess its safety.