Abstract / Summary
Background Longevity clinics represent an emerging model of proactive, precision preventive care, yet no published study has evaluated longitudinal changes in physical performance, cardiometabolic biomarkers, or body composition within this setting. This study assessed within-person changes in these outcomes among patients enrolled in a structured longevity programme.Methods This retrospective observational cohort study included adults who completed at least two assessments. Physical performance was evaluated by accredited exercise physiologists, body composition by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA), and fasting cardiometabolic biochemistry at baseline and follow-up. Paired-samples t-tests were used for within-person comparisons.Results A total of 5,394 participants were included in biochemistry analyses (mean age 44.9 ± 10.7 years; 37.6% female), with 841 and 1,122 in physical performance and body composition analyses respectively. Significant improvements were observed in VO2max, single-leg balance, and grip strength. Lipid markers improved, including reductions in LDL cholesterol, ApoB, and triglycerides (all p < 0.001). High-sensitivity C-reactive protein and HbA1c declined significantly. Body composition improved with reductions in total fat percentage, fat mass index, and visceral adipose tissue, alongside increases in fat-free mass and relative skeletal muscle indices (all p < 0.001).Conclusion These findings provide the first real-world longitudinal data on within-person changes across multiple health domains among participants enrolled in a longevity medicine programme. The uncontrolled design precludes causal attribution and cannot establish the clinical utility of the programme itself.