Integrative multi-omics analysis of network pharmacology reveals the active components and mechanisms of Olibanun in improving atopic dermatitis

This study investigates potential active ingredients of Olibanun in ameliorating atopic dermatitis (AD) and underlying mechanisms. Active components were screened via TCMSP. Anti-AD targets predicted using multiple databases PPI networks were built with STRING/Cytoscape. GO/KEGG enrichment performed with R. Molecular docking used AutoDock. RNA-seq analyzed effects on HaCaT cells. TNF-α/IFN-γ-induced AD models evaluated anti-inflammatory effects. DNCB-induced AD mice tested Olibanun extract (OE) ointment protection. ScRNA-seq analyzed AD skin heterogeneity. Thirteen active components and 38 anti-AD targets were identified, mainly regulate inflammation and immune-related pathways. Docking confirmed strong binding to IKBKB. In vitro, active components exerts anti-inflammatory effects via NF-κB. OE ointment alleviated skin inflammation and decreased inflammatory cytokines. ScRNA-seq revealed keratinocyte-T cell axis dysregulation and IL-17/NF-κB signalling activation in AD skin. Olibanun may regulate the IL-17/NF-κB pathway in keratinocytes and modulate keratinocyte-T cell communication linked to AD pathology.