Glycemic Markers and Cardiometabolic Multiple Long-Term Conditions: Comparative Roles of Glycated Hemoglobin and Fasting Plasma Glucose in the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing

Objective

To examine and contrast the associations of glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and fasting plasma glucose (FPG) with the risk of cardiometabolic multiple long-term conditions (cMLTC) and evaluate their incremental predictive utility. Patients and Methods: The study analyzed 2233 adults (mean age 63; 1009 (45.2%) men) free of hypertension, coronary disease, diabetes, and stroke at baseline (wave 4; 2008-2009). Incident cardiometabolic multimorbidity (≥2 of these conditions) was assessed at wave 10 (2021-2023). Logistic regression, restricted cubic splines, and discrimination metrics evaluated predictors and predictive performance.