Patterns of Glaucoma Treatment Use in Asian American Patients With Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma

Objective

To characterize racial disparities in glaucoma management by evaluating treatment modality utilization patterns between Asian American and non-Asian American patients with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG). Patients and Methods: This retrospective cohort study utilized the TriNetX US Collaborative Network, a large-scale, multi-institutional electronic medical record database, with data from January 1, 2004, to June 16, 2025. Asian American and non-Asian American patients with POAG were identified via ICD-10 codes and stratified by disease severity (mild-to-moderate vs severe). Cohorts were balanced using 1:1 propensity score matching for demographic characteristics, systemic comorbidities, family history, and smoking status. The primary outcome was the relative utilization of topical medications, laser procedures, traditional surgery, and microinvasive glaucoma surgery.