Abstract / Summary
ABSTRACT Background and Aims Gynecological cancers are a major global health burden, with ovarian, uterine, and cervical cancers being the most common types. Despite rising national incidence rates, recent comprehensive data for Gilan Province remain limited. This study investigated the incidence trends of gynecological cancers in Gilan Province, Northern Iran, from 2014 to 2018. Methods A repeated cross‐sectional analysis was conducted using data from the National Cancer Registry and Guilan University of Medical Sciences. Newly diagnosed cases of gynecological cancers were identified and classified according to ICD‐O‐3. Statistical analyses included descriptive statistics, one‐way ANOVA for age group comparisons, and joinpoint regression to evaluate trends. Results A total of 1058 cases were analyzed. The overall incidence rate rose by 98.2% over 5 years from 2014 to 2018, increasing from 10.72 to 21.25 cases per 100,000 individuals. The mean age of patients was 55.43 ± 3.63 years, showing no significant variation over time. Ovarian cancer was the most common type of gynecological cancer (42%), followed by corpus uteri (29.5%) and cervical cancer (15.2%), with 5‐year incidence rates of 35.15, 24.7, and 12.73 cases per 100,000 individuals, respectively. Joinpoint regression suggested significant annual increases in both crude (APC = 19.19%, p = 0.040) and age‐adjusted rates (APC = 22.22%, p < 0.001). While the cumulative 5‐year incidence of gynecological cancers was 83.78, significant geographic disparities were observed; Bandar‐e Anzali exhibited the highest rate (148.57), followed by Astaneh‐ye Ashrafiyeh (103.88), whereas Talesh reported the lowest (56.66). Conclusion The incidence of gynecological cancers in Gilan province almost doubled during the study period, highlighting a substantial public health concern linked to long‐term burden and mortality rates. Interventions should prioritize community‐wide education, timely referrals, expanded access to diagnostic services, and enhanced awareness of early symptoms.