The cross-talk between T and B lymphocytes and the oral microbiome in health and disease: a narrative review

T and B lymphocytes are key components of the adaptive immune system, playing a central role in maintaining host homeostasis and protecting against a wide range of pathogens. A comparable form of homeostatic regulation can be observed in microbial ecosystems, including the oral cavity. This environment is extremely unstable and can be easily disrupted by various factors or stimuli. This review article presents the different types of T and B lymphocytes and their role in the human body, and attempts to answer the question of how these two basic types of immune system cells can affect the imbalance of the oral microbiome.