Clinical outcomes of hyaluronic acid-sorbitol injection in athletes with patellofemoral pain: Evaluation of the potential influence of body mass index

Patellofemoral pain (PFP) is a frequent cause of activity-related knee pain and functional limitation in athletic populations. Elevated body mass index (BMI) may contribute to patellofemoral joint loading, but evidence on hyaluronic acid-sorbitol injection outcomes in athletes with elevated BMI remains limited.

To describe longitudinal changes in knee function and symptoms over 6 months after intra-articular hyaluronic acid-sorbitol injection in athletes with PFP, and to explore whether baseline BMI was associated with post-injection improvement.