Fatiga y lesiones de taekwondistas: Una revisión sobre factores de riesgo y estrategias para mejorar el rendimiento competitivo

To identify the incidence of fatigue in injuries among competitive taekwondo practitioners. This review was conducted using a technically organized procedure, identifying evidence related to the incidence of fatigue in injuries among competitive taekwondo practitioners. PRISMA-ScR guidelines were used to ensure accuracy in the process; self-report questionnaires were used to collect information on the frequency and characteristics of injuries, and studies based on biomechanical measurements and electromyography, evaluating the neuromuscular response of competitors, statistical tests analyzing pre- and post-intervention differences, and the chi-square test to analyze the equivalence between physiological variables and sports injuries. Studies of senior taekwondo athletes were selected, articles in English/Spanish published in 2020 to date, analyzing the correlation between fatigue and injuries, and observational quasi-experimental and experimental designs. The geographical distribution of the studies shows differences in injury mechanisms between countries and competitive levels, while the types of injuries and anatomical regions affected are consistent globally, with injuries reported during training, highlighting the importance of preventive strategies for this preparatory phase. The review showed that fatigue is a significant cause of injuries in high-performance taekwondo athletes, mainly affecting the lower limbs during training, also a predominance of descriptive and cross-sectional studies was observed, with little use of experimental designs, and, prioritizing the supervision of programs tailored to the modality, gender, and competitive range, preventing the incidence of injuries, improving the performance and overall health of athletes.