Beyond Self-Reported Adherence and Serology: Stool Gluten Immunogenic Peptides Detection to Assess Gluten Exposure in Children with Celiac Disease on a Gluten-Free Diet

Background/Objectives: A lifelong gluten-free diet (GFD) is the only treatment for celiac disease (CD). However, current methods for monitoring GFD adherence do not accurately assess gluten exposure. Stool detection of gluten immunogenic peptides (GIP) may provide an objective tool for detecting recent gluten exposure. The aim of this study was to evaluate stool GIP detection, compared with serology and the validated Biagi dietary questionnaire, for monitoring GFD adherence in children with CD.