What does proofreading by a DNA polymerase do?

It detects and removes a newly misincorporated nucleotide during replication, allowing the correct nucleotide to be added.

Mismatch repair corrects mismatched DNA bases that escaped replication proofreading, generally by excising a segment of the newly synthesized strand and resynthesizing it.

Nucleotide excision repair

Nucleotide excision repair removes a short DNA segment containing a bulky lesion, fills the gap using DNA polymerase and the intact template, and seals the backbone with ligase.

A covalent pyrimidine dimer, commonly involving neighboring thymines in one DNA strand.

What does DNA ligase do after gap filling or Okazaki fragment synthesis?

It seals a nick in the sugar-phosphate backbone by forming a phosphodiester linkage.

Molecular Biology — Flashcards — Decks de cartes mémoire médicales

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Molecular Biology — Flashcards

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